Researchers Use AI Algorithm to Authenticate Raphael Painting
A group of researchers claims to have solved the mystery of whether a painting in the Museo Nacional del Prado is the work of Raphael, using an artificial intelligence algorithm.
The Painting in Question
The painting in question, titled 'Madonna della Rosa' or 'Madonna of the Rose,' is housed in the Museo Nacional del Prado in Madrid. It depicts Mary, Joseph, the baby Jesus, and an infant version of John the Baptist. For years, there have been debates about whether the painting was created by Raphael.
In the 19th century, doubts about the attribution to Raphael arose due to the appearance of the Joseph figure and the lower section of the painting. However, the museum's website still credits the painting solely to Raphael.
AI Algorithm Provides Clues
A research paper published in the journal Heritage Science on December 21 reveals that an AI algorithm, with an accuracy rate of 98 percent, was used to analyze the painting. The algorithm concluded that the entire painting was created by Raphael, but raised questions about the facial features of Joseph.
Previous art historians had also raised doubts about Raphael being the sole creator of the painting, suggesting that his associate, Giulio Romano, may have been involved. The AI analysis provided support for these earlier theories.
Controversy and Future Implications
The use of AI in art analysis and authentication has been met with mixed reactions from art historians. Some view it as a valuable tool, while others are skeptical and fear the elimination of human expertise.
However, the researchers behind the study emphasize that AI can be a supplementary resource for art historians and collectors. It can provide additional verification alongside existing methods like scholarly analysis and spectroscopic imaging. As technology continues to advance, AI has the potential to contribute to a more comprehensive framework for artwork authentication and analysis.
